Haplogroup G ---  Description from the International Society of Genetic Genealogy's website 

Y-DNA haplogroup G is primarily a Middle Eastern, Caucasus Region, and Mediterranean haplogroup that occurs in northwestern Europe in only about 2% of males. The frequency is higher in southern Europe, amounting to approximately 8-10% of the population in Spain, Italy, Greece, and Turkey. Haplogroup G occurs most frequently in the Caucasus region where half of North Ossetian males are in G, as are about 30% of Georgians.

The small numbers of haplogroup G in northwest Europe likely arrived there in part with the Neolithic expansion of agriculture and in part with episodic migrations within the last few thousand years. Some likely arrived with the Roman occupation. The relative contribution of these different sources is controversial, but the relative contribution probably varies in importance from place to place.

Haplogroup G has two primary sub-haplogroups, G1 and G2. By far, the most common sub-group in western Europe is G2. G1 occurs almost an order of magnitude less frequently than G2 in western Europe. A significant fraction of European G1’s are Ashkenazi Jews. Among Ashkenazi Jews, about 10% are in haplogroup G, including about 8% in G1 and 2% in G2. Haplogroups G3 and G5 have been reported for only single individuals from Turkey and Pakistan, respectively. G4 was mentioned in the article that announced G5, but has not yet been described.

The founder of haplogroup G is thought to have lived about 30,000 years ago along the eastern edge of the Middle East, perhaps as far east as the Himalayan foothills in Pakistan or India. A small number of haplogroup G people went eastward and on into Southeast Asia, south China and the Pacific Islands, but most spread over the Middle Eastern area and up into the Caucasus.

Current Haplogroup G Research

RAY BANK'S WEBSITE ON HAPLOGROUP G:  http://www.members.cox.net/morebanks/G2Ideas.html

THE HAPLOGROUP G "SNP PROJECT"  is a collaboration between the laboratory of Jack Ballantyne at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, FL and Dennis Garvey at Gonzaga University in Spokane, WA.

Ray Bank's Cladogram (family tree) of all Haplogroup G men, who have tested 67 markers, in order to show the recent clustering of different G sub-groups.   This is an attempt to show historical groups that different G men come from.